To operate a business in Japan that transports other people’s cargo for compensation using trucks or similar vehicles, a permit such as a General Motor Truck Transportation Business permit is required. Commercial vehicles used for such operations carry the so-called “green plates.”
1. Vehicles
The necessary vehicles must be secured, and requirements concerning the right to use them and their relationship to the vehicle depot must be satisfied. A general freight transportation business is, in principle, required to secure a prescribed minimum number of vehicles.
2. Personnel
Establish a staffing system appropriate to the scale of the business, including operation managers, maintenance managers and drivers. Some positions require qualifications or practical experience.
3. Office, rest/sleep facilities and vehicle depot
Secure an office, vehicle depot and, where necessary, rest or sleeping facilities. Check zoning, usage rights, distance requirements and other standards. Road conditions and access to the depot are also important.
4. Funding plan
Estimate the funds needed after commencement, including vehicle costs, facility costs, insurance, personnel and fuel, and demonstrate that the required funds are available.
5. Other requirements
There are multiple conditions before a permit can be obtained, including a legal-compliance examination, enrollment in social insurance and confirmation that no disqualifying grounds apply. Required documents and review periods vary by application.
Obtaining green plates is not merely a vehicle-registration procedure; the transportation business itself must satisfy the licensing requirements. The office, depot, personnel and funding should therefore be planned together before starting the business.